Refuse-burner.



W. MGOANSE.

REFUSE BURNER.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 4, 1912.

Patented Nov. 1-1

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

awe/whoa W777-CQJ266 w; MoOANSE.

REFUSE BURNER.

APPLICATION II'LED JUNE 4,1912

Patented Nov. 11, 1913.

3 SHEETSSHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM MOCANSE, OF HOBART, OKLAHOMA, ASSIGNOR TO BURN-ALL INCINERATOR COMPANY (INCORPORATED), 0F FREDERICK, OKLAHOMA.

REFUSE-BURNER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 1 1, 1913.

Application filed 'June 4, 1912. Serial No. 701,647.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM MCCANSE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Hobart, in the county of Kiowa and State of Oklahoma, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Refuse-Burners, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to refuse burners, and has for its object the provision of a furnace which may be built at a moderate cost, be easily and economically operated, and kept in a sanitary condition.

The invention also seeks to provide a furnace in which the arches will be firmly supported and the use of tie-rods obviated, so that rupture of the furnace, due to difference in expansion between the brick and metallic elements, will be obviated.

The invention also seeks to provide a furnace having a driveway over the combustion chamber, which will be supported therefrom in such a manner that overheating of the driveway cannot occur, and, finally, the object of the invention is to improve, generally, the construction of furnaces for consuming garbage and all other forms of refuse.

These several stated objects, and such other objects as will incidentally appear as the description of the invention proceeds, are

attained in such a furnace as is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and the invention consists in certain novel features which will be fully disclosed in the description and the claims following the same.

In the annexed drawings:-Figure 1 is a front elevation of a furnace embodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the same; Fig. 3 is a horizontal section; Fig. 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 41 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is an enlarged vertical section of the fire chamber; and Fig. 7 is a detail plan view of the lower cover.

I In carrying out my invention, I provide a cementitious base or foundation 1 which is arranged below the surface of the ground or roadway, indicated at 2, and this foundation or base is constructed with steps orspaced vertical shoulders 3 which form checks or stops to resist the tendency of the combustion chamber arch or the side inclosing walls to move outwardly. Upon this base or foundation, I lay a floor 4 of fire- 1 line.

brick, which constitutes the bottom of the combustion chamber, and upon the said floor, I build an arch5 of similar material, which is preferably of a circular horizontal out- At the apex or highest point of the sald arch, I fit a key-ring 6 also of fire-brick, and within the said key-ring, I dispose a cover or lid 7 constructed of fire-brick and reinforced by a metallic frame 8 which is equipped with an eye or ring 9 to facilitate its removal when it is desired to charge the furnace. The key-ring 6 is constructed with a retaining flange or annular ledge 10 on its upper side, within which fits the depending tubular body or hopper 11, as clearly shown. A cover 12 is'provided for the hopper, and the said cover is constructed on its under side with an annular rib or flange 13 adapted to engage the inner face of the hopper, so that the cover will be accurately centered thereon and displacement of the same and escape of gases prevented. This hopper is embedded in the driveway or deck 14 which is preferably constructed of rein forced cement rest-ing upon steel I-beams 15 which are supported by side inclosing walls 16. Inclined approaches 17 are provided at the opposite sides of the driveway or deck, so that the wagons containing the refuse may be hauled onto the deck and their contents dumped directly into the furnace, as will be readily understood.

1 The retaining walls are constructed of ordinary brick and rise from the foundation in spaced relation to the combustion chamber, the space between the said chamber and the retaining walls being filled with sand, indicated at 18. The sand forms a cushion which will retain the heat within the combustion chamber and prevent it reaching the retaining walls, and the upper level of the sand is disposed below the deck 14, so that an air space 19 will be provided below'the deck, which will prevent the overheating --of the deck, and to further provide for maintaining a low temperature of the deck, the cover 12 is formed with a plurality of perforations 20 constituting vents for the escape of the heated air, while additional 'vents 21 are provided within the deck at intervals from the said cover. The retaining walls are preferably of rectangular forma 'tion so as to accommodate the fire chamber 22 and the stack 23. which are disposed at diagonally opposite corners of the rectangle chamber immediately adjacent the floor, as shown. The'fire chamber opens into the i so formed by the retaining walls, and the intervening corners of the rectangle are braced by tie-walls 24, as shown most clearly in Fig. 3.

The stack 23 is constructed of common brick, and the fire-brick of the arch or combustion chamberare carried into the stack so as to form a lining for the same, indicated at 25, the fire-brick connections between the said lining and the arch 5 constituting a conduit 26 leading from the .combustion combustion chamber through a passage 27 immediately adjacent the floor and is built out from the combustion chamber and through the retaining-wall, so as to facilitate the regulation of the fire and also to leave the entire capacity of the combustion chamber for the reception of the material to be consumed. The fire chamber is equipped with grate bars 28, below which is an ashpit 29, and fuel doors and ash doors are provided, as shown at 30, said doors being equi ped with dampers 31 to'fregulate the draft. In the front retaining wall, a cleanout door 32 is provided, and a lateral passage '33 is formed through the arch of the combustion chamber and leads to the said clean-out door, so that the attendants may have access to the combustion chamber for the purpose of cleaning the same and removing the residue deposited on the floor of said chamber from time to time.

At a convenient point in the front of the structure, I arrange a fan or blower 34 which may be operated in any convenient manner and has its discharge pipe 35 communicating with air conduits 36 and 37. The air conduit 36 extends to the center of the combustion chamber and opens into the same through the floor thereof so asto discharge an air blast through the material being treated and thereby tend to prevent the clogging or accumulation of the material. The conduit 37 extends through the base or foundation and has its inner end turned upwardly so as to enter the fire cham-'.

ber and discharge into the same and in a direction toward the combustion chamber so as to create a forced draft through the passage 27. The conduits 36 and 37 are equipped with valves 38 whereby either or both of said pipes may be cut off as may be required by any particular circumstances.

It is thought the operation and advantages of the furnacewill be readily understood from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings. The vehicles containing the matter to be consumed are driven onto the deck or platform 14 and, the covers 12 and 8 being withdrawn from the hopper and the keyring 6, the material is dumped directly into the combustioncha'mber. A fire is kindled within the fire chamber, and the heat enerated will pass directly into the com ustion chamber so as to act immediately upon the material and consume the same, all obnoxious gases being burned, so that the products of combustion escaping through the stack will be free from odors.

It will be readily seen that by my construction the use of metallic tie-rods is unnecessary and consequently there is no lia-' bility of the furnace structure being ruptured by unequal expansion of the parts. As the driveway, deck, or platform is supported by the outer retaining walls, the arch of the combustion chamber is entirely free from such loads, so that no extra weight is placed upon the arch when the vehicles containing the refuse are over the same, and the dumping of the material through the hopper places no additional strain upon the arch.

' The fire-box or chamber may be adapted to any form of fuel, so that whatever fuel is cheapest in the immediate vicinity ma be used, and, as the firebox and the stac or escape flue are at diagonally opposite points of the furnace, the flame Wlll be driven directly onto the matter to be burned and under the roof line of the arch, so that gases rising from the material will be reached by the flames and consumed. As the opening to the stack is on the floor line of the combustion chamber, the heat will be retained in the combustlon chamber for a long period so as to thoroughly dry and burn the material fed into the same. The furnaces may, of course, be builtin batteries or as separate independent units, as may be preferred. 7

What I claim is 1. A refuse burner comprising a combustion chamber, a retaining wall inclosing the combustion chamber and spaced therefrom, a deck supported by said retaining wall, an air space being provided below the deck and between the combustion chamber and the retaining wall, a plurality of vents in the said deck communicating with the air space, and a hopper disposed in the said deck and leading into the combustion chamber;

2. A refuse burner comprising a combustion chamber'having an opening in its top, a key ring fitted in said opening and havingian upwardly projecting annular flange, a deck supported over the combustion chamber, a hopper mounted in the said deck and fitting within the flange of the key ring, and a cover fitting within the said key ring, and a cover for said hopper.

3. A refuse burner comprising a base, a hemispherical combustion chamber erected on the base, a stack leading from the chamber at the side thereof a fire chamber opening. into the said'com 'ustion chamber at a -point diametrically opposite the stack, a

conduit extending through the base and opening upwardly into the combustion chamber through the floor of the same at the center thereof, and means for delivering an air blast through the said conduit.

4. A refuse burner comprising a base, an arched combustion chamber erected thereon, a stack leading laterally from said chamber, a fire chamber opening laterally into the said combustion chamber at a point diametrically opposite the stack, conduits extending through the base below the floor of the combustion chamber, one of said conduits opening into the fire chamber at the rear thereof and in the direction of the combustion chamber and the other conduit opening upwardly. into thecombustion chamber through the floor thereof, and means for creating an air blast through the said conduits.

5. A refuse burner comprisin a base, a hemispherical combustion cham er erected thereon, a retaining wall spaced from the combustion chamber andv inclosing the same on all sides, a heat-retaining cushion between the retaining wall and the combustion chamber and extending around and over the combustion chamber, a feeding opening at the apex of the combustion chamber, a fire chamber opening laterally into the combustion chamber substantially at the floor level thereof, a stack leading laterally from the combustlon chamber substantially at the floor level thereof, a conduit extending throu h the base and opening upwardly throng the floor of the combustion chamber at the center thereof, a second conduit extendin through the base and opening through t e side of the fire chamber adjacent the rear end thereof and in the direction of the combustion chamber, and means common to both conduits for sending an air blast therethrough.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses WILLIAM McCANSE. 1,. 5. 

